What WPC decking is?
WPC stands for wood-plastic composite. It combines wood fibers and plastic, resulting in a material that is more weather-resistant and longer-lasting than traditional wooden planks.
Durability
Unlike pure wood, WPC is less likely to warp, splinter, or rot, even if it’s placed in a damp environment. The plastic content helps it resist mold and decay, and the wood fibers give it a more natural look.
Low Maintenance
You don’t have to paint, stain, or seal it every year the way you might with regular wood decking. It generally needs only a light cleaning with water or mild soap to remove dirt and debris.
Eco-Friendliness
Many WPC boards are made from recycled materials, which reduces waste. They can also be more sustainable than freshly cut timber.
Aesthetic Appeal
WPC decking comes in a variety of colors, finishes, and textures that mimic real wood. This allows you to get a natural-looking outdoor space without the hassle of wood maintenance.
Pre-Installation Preparation
Gather the Right Tools and Materials
Before you start, it’s crucial to have all the necessary tools and materials on hand. Here’s a simple checklist:
- WPC Decking Boards
Make sure you have enough boards to cover your planned deck area. It’s often wise to buy a few extra boards in case of mistakes or off-cuts. - Joists or Subframe Material
You’ll need sturdy joists or another type of sub-structure to support your decking boards. These can be pressure-treated wood or metal, depending on your preference and local regulations. - Hidden Fasteners or Screws
Many WPC deck boards come with a hidden fastener system. If not, you can use special composite decking screws. - Measuring Tape and Pencil
Accurate measurement is key. You’ll want a good measuring tape and a pencil to mark your cuts. - Saw (Circular or Miter Saw)
A circular saw or miter saw is handy for cutting WPC boards to the right lengths. - Drill with Bits
You’ll need a power drill to pre-drill holes and drive in screws. Remember to pick the right drill bits for composite decking if you’re not using hidden fasteners. - Level
A simple bubble level or laser level helps ensure the deck is even and looks professional. - Safety Gear
Always protect yourself. Wear safety goggles and sturdy gloves, and consider using hearing protection when operating power tools.
Prepare the Site
- Clear the Area
Remove any existing structures, debris, or vegetation. Make sure the ground is clear and roughly level before installing your sub-structure. - Check for Drainage
WPC decks need good drainage. If water pools underneath, it can still cause moisture problems over time. Make sure the site slopes slightly away from buildings or that you have a drainage plan in place. - Local Building Codes
Always check local regulations. Some places require building permits or have specific code requirements about deck heights, railing systems, or footings. - Sub-Structure Planning
Decide how high above ground level your deck will be. For ground-level decks, you might install a gravel base or concrete blocks to support your joists. For raised decks, you’ll need posts and footings dug into the ground.
Measure and Plan
- Measure the Deck Area
Lay out the exact dimensions of your deck on paper. Mark the corners and any special shapes. Double-check these measurements with the measuring tape on the actual site. - Decide on the Board Orientation
Some people like the boards running parallel to the house; others prefer them perpendicular. The orientation can affect how you plan joist spacing. Typically, joists run perpendicular to the deck boards. - Account for Gaps
WPC boards usually have built-in spacing requirements. Check your board’s instructions for recommended gap sizes between each plank to allow for expansion and contraction. - Plan the Final Look
It’s easier to make aesthetic choices now than halfway through installation. Think about any designs, patterns, or border boards you might want to add.
Step-by-Step Installation Guide
1. Build or Secure Your Sub-Structure
- Attach Joists to a Frame
If you’re doing a free-standing deck, build a square or rectangular wooden frame, then add your joists at set intervals—often 12 to 16 inches apart, depending on the board’s requirements. If you’re attaching to a house, you might secure a ledger board to the house, then hang joists from it. - Check for Level
Use your bubble level or laser level to ensure that the frame is straight and level. Adjust with shims or reposition supports if needed. A poorly leveled sub-structure can make the entire deck feel unstable or uneven. - Secure Joists
Use nails or screws designed for outdoor use to fix joists in place. Some people use metal joist hangers for extra support. Make sure everything is stable and solid.
2.Install the First Board
- Start Along a Straight Edge
Choose a side of the deck—often the one that’s most visible from the house or main entrance. Align your first WPC board carefully so it’s straight along this edge. - Allow for Expansion Gaps
WPC boards expand and contract with temperature and humidity. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for how much gap to leave at the ends and sides. Some boards have spacers built into the fastener system to help with this step.manufacturer’s instructions for how much gap to leave at the ends and sides. Some boards have spacers built into the fastener system t - Fasten the First Board
If you have a hidden fastener system, slide the fasteners into the groove of the board and secure them to the joists. If not, use composite deck screws. Be sure to drill pilot holes first to avoid splitting the material.
3. Secure Subsequent Boards
- Continue the Pattern
Once the first board is in place, position the next board’s groove (if using hidden fasteners) against the installed fasteners. Slide it into place, ensuring consistent spacing. - Fasten and Check Alignment
Secure each board with the appropriate fasteners. Every few boards, step back and visually check for alignment. Small mistakes can add up across a wide deck. - Measure and Cut Ends
If your deck is a neat rectangle, many boards will be the same length. But if you have an irregular shape or stairs, you may need to measure and cut each board. Use your saw to get a clean, accurate cut.
4. Trim and Finish the Edges
- Overhanging Boards
If you allowed boards to overhang the frame, you can cut them flush for a finished look. Use a chalk line to mark a straight cut across multiple boards. - Add Fascia or Skirting
Many deck builders add fascia boards around the outer perimeter to cover the exposed ends of the WPC deck boards and joists. This not only looks neat but also helps protect the sub-structure from the elements. - Install Railings (If Needed)
For elevated decks, safety rails are usually mandatory. Attach posts securely to the joists or frame, then install the railing sections or balusters following local building codes.
Maintenance Tips
- Regular Cleaning
Over time, dirt and leaves can accumulate on your deck. Sweep regularly and rinse with a garden hose. You can also use a mild detergent for stubborn stains. Avoid harsh chemicals that may damage the composite material. - Prevent Scratches
While WPC decking is tough, moving heavy furniture across it can cause scratches. Lift heavy items instead of dragging them. If you have metal chair legs, consider adding protective caps or pads. - Check Fasteners
Periodically, check that screws or hidden fasteners are still tight. Some movement over time is normal, but you don’t want boards popping out or feeling loose. - Avoid Prolonged Standing Water
Even though WPC resists water better than regular wood, it’s still wise to avoid letting water pool for too long. Proper deck drainage or a slight slope can help. - Seasonal Care
In regions with freezing winters, remove any snow buildup with a plastic shovel or broom to protect the surface. In very hot climates, consider partial shading to keep the deck from overheating.
Conclusion
Installing WPC decking is a rewarding project that can transform your outdoor space into a comfortable, attractive gathering spot. Unlike traditional wood, WPC requires less maintenance and is more resistant to everyday wear and tear. By following the steps in this guide—preparing the area, building a sturdy sub-structure, laying boards correctly, and maintaining them wisely—you can create a deck that stays good-looking for years.
FAQ
How do I prepare the ground for WPC decking?
Prepare by clearing debris, leveling the soil, and ensuring good drainage. You can add a layer of gravel or install concrete blocks under joists to support the frame. If the area is prone to moisture, leave room for airflow to prevent mold. Always follow local building rules and get permits if needed.
Which fasteners should I use for WPC decking?
It’s best to use composite-specific screws or a hidden fastener system designed for WPC boards. These fasteners reduce the risk of splitting and keep the deck surface smooth. Standard wood screws may work poorly, cause cracks, or not provide enough hold. Check your decking brand’s official guidelines before making a choice.
How much space should I leave between WPC deck boards?
Leave a gap recommended by the manufacturer, usually around 5-7 mm between boards. This space helps with drainage and allows for expansion and contraction due to temperature changes. If you’re using hidden fasteners, they often handle this automatically. Always read and follow your specific decking instructions for best results.
Can WPC boards be cut and drilled like wood?
Yes, WPC boards can be cut and drilled much like wood, though they’re more resistant to splintering. Use a circular or miter saw with a carbide-tipped blade for best results. Pre-drill pilot holes when fastening without hidden clips. Following these steps will help prevent cracks and make your deck look neat.
Do I need a special cleaning routine for WPC decking?
Regularly sweep away leaves and dirt, then rinse the surface with a garden hose. For stubborn stains, use mild soap and warm water or a composite deck cleaner. Harsh chemicals or power washers with high pressure can damage the finish. Keeping your deck clean will help it look fresh and last longer.